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Tighter Surveillance Of Swine Flu In Pigs Needed Worldwide Says CDC
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said that there is a "global need for more systemic surveillance of influenza viruses
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New Strategies For Cell Therapy To Regenerate Damaged Heart
Research undertaken at the Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and the University Hospital of Navarra has shown that, in animal models, stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue enhance heart function after a cardiac attack. In concrete, bone marrow cells act on the damaged tissue, while fatty cells have the ability to transform themselves into both blood vessels and cardiac cells. The results obtained with rats are maintained over a long time period, explained biochemist Mr Manuel Mazo, principal researcher.
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Thai HIV/AIDS Advocates Urge Increased Treatment Access For IDUs
The Thai AIDS Treatment Action Group recently called on the country to launch a comprehensive harm reduction program for injection drug users in an effort to help curb the spread of HIV, Thailand"s The Nation reports. According to the group, many IDUs are unable to access drug treatment and substation therapy because of the stigma surrounding drug use in the country. Karyn Kaplan, director of development and policy for the group, said, "Health care workers have denied many injecting drug users access to an antiviral drug and the use of methadone." Public Health Minister Witthaya Kaewparadai recently announced that the country"s harm reduction programs have helped to curb the spread of HIV among IDUs, adding that local substitution programs have reduced the number of HIV-positive IDUs and that the country needs increased support from UNAIDS for such efforts. TTAG called for the government to provide prevention and treatment options, such as substitution therapy and needle-exchange programs. The Nation reports that methadone treatment is offered at hospitals across the country as part of the national health care scheme, but many health care workers refuse to administer treatment. In addition, government treatment is offered for 45 days. Kaplan said that the government should revise its policy regarding treatment access for IDUs, as a majority of IDUs are incarcerated and living with HIV or hepatitis-C without treatment access. She called on the government to "implement the international standards of medical treatment for [IDUs], without discrimination and human rights violations" (The Nation, 5/27).
Mental Health

Alzheimer, Headache & Co.: Detecting Neurological Illnesses Better And Earlier

The rapid development of modern neuroimaging has made a decisive improvement in the diagnosis of neurological illnesses. As Professor Filippi notes: "Neuroimaging makes new diagnostic tools available with the potential to quantify the extent of CNS injury, to define the nature of the different pathological substrates of the various CNS affections and to assess the functional changes following tissue damage with the ability to limit the clinical consequences of injury." The research team of Professor Filippi is presenting a study at the ENS Congress that could contribute to better distinguishing between Alzheimer"s disease and the normal aging processes of the brain. With the help of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI), researchers examined the white matter changes in healthy persons, in those with Alzheimer"s and in patients with cognitive impairment. Sure enough, differences appear, as the study shows: The major brain fibre bundles show diffusivity alterations which followed the trajectory normal ageing - mild cognitive impairment - Alzheimer"s disease. In another very frequently occurring disease, modern neuroimaging is also delivering important new findings: a separate study being presented at the Milan Congress compared - using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) - specific neuronal networks between healthy people and those with cluster headache. "The analysis of resting states networks reveals abnormalities of the visual and motor networks in cluster headache patients outside the acute attack," the Milan researches noted in summarizing their results. "These findings suggest a diffuse dysfunction of functional connectivity which extends beyond the antinoceptive system." Another current work of the research team shows the usefulness of modern neuroimaging for the early detection of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is the most common adult-onset motor neuron disease with a dramatic course. The diagnosis of ALS is based on clinical criteria and no diagnostic biomarkers objectively assessing damage to the corticospinal tracts are available, making the early diagnosis especially difficult. That might change. Professor Filippi: "We were able to show with diffusion tensor MRI tractography that - compared with controls - ALS patients with mild disability have a clear damage to the corticospinal tracts." European Neurological Society


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